/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */ #ifndef _LINUX_ENERGY_MODEL_H #define _LINUX_ENERGY_MODEL_H #include <linux/cpumask.h> #include <linux/device.h> #include <linux/jump_label.h> #include <linux/kobject.h> #include <linux/rcupdate.h> #include <linux/sched/cpufreq.h> #include <linux/sched/topology.h> #include <linux/types.h> /** * struct em_perf_state - Performance state of a performance domain * @frequency: The frequency in KHz, for consistency with CPUFreq * @power: The power consumed at this level (by 1 CPU or by a registered * device). It can be a total power: static and dynamic. * @cost: The cost coefficient associated with this level, used during * energy calculation. Equal to: power * max_frequency / frequency * @flags: see "em_perf_state flags" description below. */ struct em_perf_state { unsigned long frequency; unsigned long power; unsigned long cost; unsigned long flags; }; /* * em_perf_state flags: * * EM_PERF_STATE_INEFFICIENT: The performance state is inefficient. There is * in this em_perf_domain, another performance state with a higher frequency * but a lower or equal power cost. Such inefficient states are ignored when * using em_pd_get_efficient_*() functions. */ #define EM_PERF_STATE_INEFFICIENT BIT(0) /** * struct em_perf_domain - Performance domain * @table: List of performance states, in ascending order * @nr_perf_states: Number of performance states * @flags: See "em_perf_domain flags" * @cpus: Cpumask covering the CPUs of the domain. It's here * for performance reasons to avoid potential cache * misses during energy calculations in the scheduler * and simplifies allocating/freeing that memory region. * * In case of CPU device, a "performance domain" represents a group of CPUs * whose performance is scaled together. All CPUs of a performance domain * must have the same micro-architecture. Performance domains often have * a 1-to-1 mapping with CPUFreq policies. In case of other devices the @cpus * field is unused. */ struct em_perf_domain { struct em_perf_state *table; int nr_perf_states; unsigned long flags; unsigned long cpus[]; }; /* * em_perf_domain flags: * * EM_PERF_DOMAIN_MICROWATTS: The power values are in micro-Watts or some * other scale. * * EM_PERF_DOMAIN_SKIP_INEFFICIENCIES: Skip inefficient states when estimating * energy consumption. * * EM_PERF_DOMAIN_ARTIFICIAL: The power values are artificial and might be * created by platform missing real power information */ #define EM_PERF_DOMAIN_MICROWATTS BIT(0) #define EM_PERF_DOMAIN_SKIP_INEFFICIENCIES BIT(1) #define EM_PERF_DOMAIN_ARTIFICIAL BIT(2) #define em_span_cpus(em) (to_cpumask((em)->cpus)) #define em_is_artificial(em) ((em)->flags & EM_PERF_DOMAIN_ARTIFICIAL) #ifdef CONFIG_ENERGY_MODEL /* * The max power value in micro-Watts. The limit of 64 Watts is set as * a safety net to not overflow multiplications on 32bit platforms. The * 32bit value limit for total Perf Domain power implies a limit of * maximum CPUs in such domain to 64. */ #define EM_MAX_POWER (64000000) /* 64 Watts */ /* * To avoid possible energy estimation overflow on 32bit machines add * limits to number of CPUs in the Perf. Domain. * We are safe on 64bit machine, thus some big number. */ #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT #define EM_MAX_NUM_CPUS 4096 #else #define EM_MAX_NUM_CPUS 16 #endif /* * To avoid an overflow on 32bit machines while calculating the energy * use a different order in the operation. First divide by the 'cpu_scale' * which would reduce big value stored in the 'cost' field, then multiply by * the 'sum_util'. This would allow to handle existing platforms, which have * e.g. power ~1.3 Watt at max freq, so the 'cost' value > 1mln micro-Watts. * In such scenario, where there are 4 CPUs in the Perf. Domain the 'sum_util' * could be 4096, then multiplication: 'cost' * 'sum_util' would overflow. * This reordering of operations has some limitations, we lose small * precision in the estimation (comparing to 64bit platform w/o reordering). * * We are safe on 64bit machine. */ #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT #define em_estimate_energy(cost, sum_util, scale_cpu) \ (((cost) * (sum_util)) / (scale_cpu)) #else #define em_estimate_energy(cost, sum_util, scale_cpu) \ (((cost) / (scale_cpu)) * (sum_util)) #endif struct em_data_callback { /** * active_power() - Provide power at the next performance state of * a device * @dev : Device for which we do this operation (can be a CPU) * @power : Active power at the performance state * (modified) * @freq : Frequency at the performance state in kHz * (modified) * * active_power() must find the lowest performance state of 'dev' above * 'freq' and update 'power' and 'freq' to the matching active power * and frequency. * * In case of CPUs, the power is the one of a single CPU in the domain, * expressed in micro-Watts or an abstract scale. It is expected to * fit in the [0, EM_MAX_POWER] range. * * Return 0 on success. */ int (*active_power)(struct device *dev, unsigned long *power, unsigned long *freq); /** * get_cost() - Provide the cost at the given performance state of * a device * @dev : Device for which we do this operation (can be a CPU) * @freq : Frequency at the performance state in kHz * @cost : The cost value for the performance state * (modified) * * In case of CPUs, the cost is the one of a single CPU in the domain. * It is expected to fit in the [0, EM_MAX_POWER] range due to internal * usage in EAS calculation. * * Return 0 on success, or appropriate error value in case of failure. */ int (*get_cost)(struct device *dev, unsigned long freq, unsigned long *cost); }; #define EM_SET_ACTIVE_POWER_CB(em_cb, cb) ((em_cb).active_power = cb) #define EM_ADV_DATA_CB(_active_power_cb, _cost_cb) \ { .active_power = _active_power_cb, \ .get_cost = _cost_cb } #define EM_DATA_CB(_active_power_cb) \ EM_ADV_DATA_CB(_active_power_cb, NULL) struct em_perf_domain *em_cpu_get(int cpu); struct em_perf_domain *em_pd_get(struct device *dev); int em_dev_register_perf_domain(struct device *dev, unsigned int nr_states, struct em_data_callback *cb, cpumask_t *span, bool microwatts); void em_dev_unregister_perf_domain(struct device *dev); /** * em_pd_get_efficient_state() - Get an efficient performance state from the EM * @pd : Performance domain for which we want an efficient frequency * @freq : Frequency to map with the EM * * It is called from the scheduler code quite frequently and as a consequence * doesn't implement any check. * * Return: An efficient performance state, high enough to meet @freq * requirement. */ static inline struct em_perf_state *em_pd_get_efficient_state(struct em_perf_domain *pd, unsigned long freq) { struct em_perf_state *ps; int i; for (i = 0; i < pd->nr_perf_states; i++) { ps = &pd->table[i]; if (ps->frequency >= freq) { if (pd->flags & EM_PERF_DOMAIN_SKIP_INEFFICIENCIES && ps->flags & EM_PERF_STATE_INEFFICIENT) continue; break; } } return ps; } /** * em_cpu_energy() - Estimates the energy consumed by the CPUs of a * performance domain * @pd : performance domain for which energy has to be estimated * @max_util : highest utilization among CPUs of the domain * @sum_util : sum of the utilization of all CPUs in the domain * @allowed_cpu_cap : maximum allowed CPU capacity for the @pd, which * might reflect reduced frequency (due to thermal) * * This function must be used only for CPU devices. There is no validation, * i.e. if the EM is a CPU type and has cpumask allocated. It is called from * the scheduler code quite frequently and that is why there is not checks. * * Return: the sum of the energy consumed by the CPUs of the domain assuming * a capacity state satisfying the max utilization of the domain. */ static inline unsigned long em_cpu_energy(struct em_perf_domain *pd, unsigned long max_util, unsigned long sum_util, unsigned long allowed_cpu_cap) { unsigned long freq, scale_cpu; struct em_perf_state *ps; int cpu; if (!sum_util) return 0; /* * In order to predict the performance state, map the utilization of * the most utilized CPU of the performance domain to a requested * frequency, like schedutil. Take also into account that the real * frequency might be set lower (due to thermal capping). Thus, clamp * max utilization to the allowed CPU capacity before calculating * effective frequency. */ cpu = cpumask_first(to_cpumask(pd->cpus)); scale_cpu = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu); ps = &pd->table[pd->nr_perf_states - 1]; max_util = map_util_perf(max_util); max_util = min(max_util, allowed_cpu_cap); freq = map_util_freq(max_util, ps->frequency, scale_cpu); /* * Find the lowest performance state of the Energy Model above the * requested frequency. */ ps = em_pd_get_efficient_state(pd, freq); /* * The capacity of a CPU in the domain at the performance state (ps) * can be computed as: * * ps->freq * scale_cpu * ps->cap = -------------------- (1) * cpu_max_freq * * So, ignoring the costs of idle states (which are not available in * the EM), the energy consumed by this CPU at that performance state * is estimated as: * * ps->power * cpu_util * cpu_nrg = -------------------- (2) * ps->cap * * since 'cpu_util / ps->cap' represents its percentage of busy time. * * NOTE: Although the result of this computation actually is in * units of power, it can be manipulated as an energy value * over a scheduling period, since it is assumed to be * constant during that interval. * * By injecting (1) in (2), 'cpu_nrg' can be re-expressed as a product * of two terms: * * ps->power * cpu_max_freq cpu_util * cpu_nrg = ------------------------ * --------- (3) * ps->freq scale_cpu * * The first term is static, and is stored in the em_perf_state struct * as 'ps->cost'. * * Since all CPUs of the domain have the same micro-architecture, they * share the same 'ps->cost', and the same CPU capacity. Hence, the * total energy of the domain (which is the simple sum of the energy of * all of its CPUs) can be factorized as: * * ps->cost * \Sum cpu_util * pd_nrg = ------------------------ (4) * scale_cpu */ return em_estimate_energy(ps->cost, sum_util, scale_cpu); } /** * em_pd_nr_perf_states() - Get the number of performance states of a perf. * domain * @pd : performance domain for which this must be done * * Return: the number of performance states in the performance domain table */ static inline int em_pd_nr_perf_states(struct em_perf_domain *pd) { return pd->nr_perf_states; } #else struct em_data_callback {}; #define EM_ADV_DATA_CB(_active_power_cb, _cost_cb) { } #define EM_DATA_CB(_active_power_cb) { } #define EM_SET_ACTIVE_POWER_CB(em_cb, cb) do { } while (0) static inline int em_dev_register_perf_domain(struct device *dev, unsigned int nr_states, struct em_data_callback *cb, cpumask_t *span, bool microwatts) { return -EINVAL; } static inline void em_dev_unregister_perf_domain(struct device *dev) { } static inline struct em_perf_domain *em_cpu_get(int cpu) { return NULL; } static inline struct em_perf_domain *em_pd_get(struct device *dev) { return NULL; } static inline unsigned long em_cpu_energy(struct em_perf_domain *pd, unsigned long max_util, unsigned long sum_util, unsigned long allowed_cpu_cap) { return 0; } static inline int em_pd_nr_perf_states(struct em_perf_domain *pd) { return 0; } #endif #endif