// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 /* * This file contains core hardware tag-based KASAN code. * * Copyright (c) 2020 Google, Inc. * Author: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com> */ #define pr_fmt(fmt) "kasan: " fmt #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/kasan.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/memory.h> #include <linux/mm.h> #include <linux/static_key.h> #include <linux/string.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include "kasan.h" enum kasan_arg { KASAN_ARG_DEFAULT, KASAN_ARG_OFF, KASAN_ARG_ON, }; enum kasan_arg_mode { KASAN_ARG_MODE_DEFAULT, KASAN_ARG_MODE_SYNC, KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYNC, KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYMM, }; enum kasan_arg_vmalloc { KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_DEFAULT, KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_OFF, KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_ON, }; static enum kasan_arg kasan_arg __ro_after_init; static enum kasan_arg_mode kasan_arg_mode __ro_after_init; static enum kasan_arg_vmalloc kasan_arg_vmalloc __initdata; /* * Whether KASAN is enabled at all. * The value remains false until KASAN is initialized by kasan_init_hw_tags(). */ DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(kasan_flag_enabled); EXPORT_SYMBOL(kasan_flag_enabled); /* * Whether the selected mode is synchronous, asynchronous, or asymmetric. * Defaults to KASAN_MODE_SYNC. */ enum kasan_mode kasan_mode __ro_after_init; EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kasan_mode); /* Whether to enable vmalloc tagging. */ DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(kasan_flag_vmalloc); #define PAGE_ALLOC_SAMPLE_DEFAULT 1 #define PAGE_ALLOC_SAMPLE_ORDER_DEFAULT 3 /* * Sampling interval of page_alloc allocation (un)poisoning. * Defaults to no sampling. */ unsigned long kasan_page_alloc_sample = PAGE_ALLOC_SAMPLE_DEFAULT; /* * Minimum order of page_alloc allocations to be affected by sampling. * The default value is chosen to match both * PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER and SKB_FRAG_PAGE_ORDER. */ unsigned int kasan_page_alloc_sample_order = PAGE_ALLOC_SAMPLE_ORDER_DEFAULT; DEFINE_PER_CPU(long, kasan_page_alloc_skip); /* kasan=off/on */ static int __init early_kasan_flag(char *arg) { if (!arg) return -EINVAL; if (!strcmp(arg, "off")) kasan_arg = KASAN_ARG_OFF; else if (!strcmp(arg, "on")) kasan_arg = KASAN_ARG_ON; else return -EINVAL; return 0; } early_param("kasan", early_kasan_flag); /* kasan.mode=sync/async/asymm */ static int __init early_kasan_mode(char *arg) { if (!arg) return -EINVAL; if (!strcmp(arg, "sync")) kasan_arg_mode = KASAN_ARG_MODE_SYNC; else if (!strcmp(arg, "async")) kasan_arg_mode = KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYNC; else if (!strcmp(arg, "asymm")) kasan_arg_mode = KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYMM; else return -EINVAL; return 0; } early_param("kasan.mode", early_kasan_mode); /* kasan.vmalloc=off/on */ static int __init early_kasan_flag_vmalloc(char *arg) { if (!arg) return -EINVAL; if (!strcmp(arg, "off")) kasan_arg_vmalloc = KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_OFF; else if (!strcmp(arg, "on")) kasan_arg_vmalloc = KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_ON; else return -EINVAL; return 0; } early_param("kasan.vmalloc", early_kasan_flag_vmalloc); static inline const char *kasan_mode_info(void) { if (kasan_mode == KASAN_MODE_ASYNC) return "async"; else if (kasan_mode == KASAN_MODE_ASYMM) return "asymm"; else return "sync"; } /* kasan.page_alloc.sample=<sampling interval> */ static int __init early_kasan_flag_page_alloc_sample(char *arg) { int rv; if (!arg) return -EINVAL; rv = kstrtoul(arg, 0, &kasan_page_alloc_sample); if (rv) return rv; if (!kasan_page_alloc_sample || kasan_page_alloc_sample > LONG_MAX) { kasan_page_alloc_sample = PAGE_ALLOC_SAMPLE_DEFAULT; return -EINVAL; } return 0; } early_param("kasan.page_alloc.sample", early_kasan_flag_page_alloc_sample); /* kasan.page_alloc.sample.order=<minimum page order> */ static int __init early_kasan_flag_page_alloc_sample_order(char *arg) { int rv; if (!arg) return -EINVAL; rv = kstrtouint(arg, 0, &kasan_page_alloc_sample_order); if (rv) return rv; if (kasan_page_alloc_sample_order > INT_MAX) { kasan_page_alloc_sample_order = PAGE_ALLOC_SAMPLE_ORDER_DEFAULT; return -EINVAL; } return 0; } early_param("kasan.page_alloc.sample.order", early_kasan_flag_page_alloc_sample_order); /* * kasan_init_hw_tags_cpu() is called for each CPU. * Not marked as __init as a CPU can be hot-plugged after boot. */ void kasan_init_hw_tags_cpu(void) { /* * There's no need to check that the hardware is MTE-capable here, * as this function is only called for MTE-capable hardware. */ /* * If KASAN is disabled via command line, don't initialize it. * When this function is called, kasan_flag_enabled is not yet * set by kasan_init_hw_tags(). Thus, check kasan_arg instead. */ if (kasan_arg == KASAN_ARG_OFF) return; /* * Enable async or asymm modes only when explicitly requested * through the command line. */ kasan_enable_hw_tags(); } /* kasan_init_hw_tags() is called once on boot CPU. */ void __init kasan_init_hw_tags(void) { /* If hardware doesn't support MTE, don't initialize KASAN. */ if (!system_supports_mte()) return; /* If KASAN is disabled via command line, don't initialize it. */ if (kasan_arg == KASAN_ARG_OFF) return; switch (kasan_arg_mode) { case KASAN_ARG_MODE_DEFAULT: /* Default is specified by kasan_mode definition. */ break; case KASAN_ARG_MODE_SYNC: kasan_mode = KASAN_MODE_SYNC; break; case KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYNC: kasan_mode = KASAN_MODE_ASYNC; break; case KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYMM: kasan_mode = KASAN_MODE_ASYMM; break; } switch (kasan_arg_vmalloc) { case KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_DEFAULT: /* Default is specified by kasan_flag_vmalloc definition. */ break; case KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_OFF: static_branch_disable(&kasan_flag_vmalloc); break; case KASAN_ARG_VMALLOC_ON: static_branch_enable(&kasan_flag_vmalloc); break; } kasan_init_tags(); /* KASAN is now initialized, enable it. */ static_branch_enable(&kasan_flag_enabled); pr_info("KernelAddressSanitizer initialized (hw-tags, mode=%s, vmalloc=%s, stacktrace=%s)\n", kasan_mode_info(), kasan_vmalloc_enabled() ? "on" : "off", kasan_stack_collection_enabled() ? "on" : "off"); } #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN_VMALLOC static void unpoison_vmalloc_pages(const void *addr, u8 tag) { struct vm_struct *area; int i; /* * As hardware tag-based KASAN only tags VM_ALLOC vmalloc allocations * (see the comment in __kasan_unpoison_vmalloc), all of the pages * should belong to a single area. */ area = find_vm_area((void *)addr); if (WARN_ON(!area)) return; for (i = 0; i < area->nr_pages; i++) { struct page *page = area->pages[i]; page_kasan_tag_set(page, tag); } } static void init_vmalloc_pages(const void *start, unsigned long size) { const void *addr; for (addr = start; addr < start + size; addr += PAGE_SIZE) { struct page *page = vmalloc_to_page(addr); clear_highpage_kasan_tagged(page); } } void *__kasan_unpoison_vmalloc(const void *start, unsigned long size, kasan_vmalloc_flags_t flags) { u8 tag; unsigned long redzone_start, redzone_size; if (!kasan_vmalloc_enabled()) { if (flags & KASAN_VMALLOC_INIT) init_vmalloc_pages(start, size); return (void *)start; } /* * Don't tag non-VM_ALLOC mappings, as: * * 1. Unlike the software KASAN modes, hardware tag-based KASAN only * supports tagging physical memory. Therefore, it can only tag a * single mapping of normal physical pages. * 2. Hardware tag-based KASAN can only tag memory mapped with special * mapping protection bits, see arch_vmap_pgprot_tagged(). * As non-VM_ALLOC mappings can be mapped outside of vmalloc code, * providing these bits would require tracking all non-VM_ALLOC * mappers. * * Thus, for VM_ALLOC mappings, hardware tag-based KASAN only tags * the first virtual mapping, which is created by vmalloc(). * Tagging the page_alloc memory backing that vmalloc() allocation is * skipped, see ___GFP_SKIP_KASAN. * * For non-VM_ALLOC allocations, page_alloc memory is tagged as usual. */ if (!(flags & KASAN_VMALLOC_VM_ALLOC)) { WARN_ON(flags & KASAN_VMALLOC_INIT); return (void *)start; } /* * Don't tag executable memory. * The kernel doesn't tolerate having the PC register tagged. */ if (!(flags & KASAN_VMALLOC_PROT_NORMAL)) { WARN_ON(flags & KASAN_VMALLOC_INIT); return (void *)start; } tag = kasan_random_tag(); start = set_tag(start, tag); /* Unpoison and initialize memory up to size. */ kasan_unpoison(start, size, flags & KASAN_VMALLOC_INIT); /* * Explicitly poison and initialize the in-page vmalloc() redzone. * Unlike software KASAN modes, hardware tag-based KASAN doesn't * unpoison memory when populating shadow for vmalloc() space. */ redzone_start = round_up((unsigned long)start + size, KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE); redzone_size = round_up(redzone_start, PAGE_SIZE) - redzone_start; kasan_poison((void *)redzone_start, redzone_size, KASAN_TAG_INVALID, flags & KASAN_VMALLOC_INIT); /* * Set per-page tag flags to allow accessing physical memory for the * vmalloc() mapping through page_address(vmalloc_to_page()). */ unpoison_vmalloc_pages(start, tag); return (void *)start; } void __kasan_poison_vmalloc(const void *start, unsigned long size) { /* * No tagging here. * The physical pages backing the vmalloc() allocation are poisoned * through the usual page_alloc paths. */ } #endif void kasan_enable_hw_tags(void) { if (kasan_arg_mode == KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYNC) hw_enable_tag_checks_async(); else if (kasan_arg_mode == KASAN_ARG_MODE_ASYMM) hw_enable_tag_checks_asymm(); else hw_enable_tag_checks_sync(); } #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KASAN_KUNIT_TEST) EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kasan_enable_hw_tags); void kasan_force_async_fault(void) { hw_force_async_tag_fault(); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kasan_force_async_fault); #endif