.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
The ivtv driver
===============
Author: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil@xs4all.nl>
This is a v4l2 device driver for the Conexant cx23415/6 MPEG encoder/decoder.
The cx23415 can do both encoding and decoding, the cx23416 can only do MPEG
encoding. Currently the only card featuring full decoding support is the
Hauppauge PVR-350.
.. note::
#) This driver requires the latest encoder firmware (version 2.06.039, size
376836 bytes). Get the firmware from here:
https://linuxtv.org/downloads/firmware/#conexant
#) 'normal' TV applications do not work with this driver, you need
an application that can handle MPEG input such as mplayer, xine, MythTV,
etc.
The primary goal of the IVTV project is to provide a "clean room" Linux
Open Source driver implementation for video capture cards based on the
iCompression iTVC15 or Conexant CX23415/CX23416 MPEG Codec.
Features
--------
* Hardware mpeg2 capture of broadcast video (and sound) via the tuner or
S-Video/Composite and audio line-in.
* Hardware mpeg2 capture of FM radio where hardware support exists
* Supports NTSC, PAL, SECAM with stereo sound
* Supports SAP and bilingual transmissions.
* Supports raw VBI (closed captions and teletext).
* Supports sliced VBI (closed captions and teletext) and is able to insert
this into the captured MPEG stream.
* Supports raw YUV and PCM input.
Additional features for the PVR-350 (CX23415 based)
---------------------------------------------------
* Provides hardware mpeg2 playback
* Provides comprehensive OSD (On Screen Display: ie. graphics overlaying the
video signal)
* Provides a framebuffer (allowing X applications to appear on the video
device)
* Supports raw YUV output.
IMPORTANT: In case of problems first read this page:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Install_IVTV_Troubleshooting
See also
--------
https://linuxtv.org
IRC
---
irc://irc.freenode.net/#v4l
----------------------------------------------------------
Devices
-------
A maximum of 12 ivtv boards are allowed at the moment.
Cards that don't have a video output capability (i.e. non PVR350 cards)
lack the vbi8, vbi16, video16 and video48 devices. They also do not
support the framebuffer device /dev/fbx for OSD.
The radio0 device may or may not be present, depending on whether the
card has a radio tuner or not.
Here is a list of the base v4l devices:
.. code-block:: none
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 0 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/video0
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 16 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/video16
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 24 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/video24
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 32 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/video32
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 48 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/video48
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 64 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/radio0
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 224 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/vbi0
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 228 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/vbi8
crw-rw---- 1 root video 81, 232 Jun 19 22:22 /dev/vbi16
Base devices
------------
For every extra card you have the numbers increased by one. For example,
/dev/video0 is listed as the 'base' encoding capture device so we have:
- /dev/video0 is the encoding capture device for the first card (card 0)
- /dev/video1 is the encoding capture device for the second card (card 1)
- /dev/video2 is the encoding capture device for the third card (card 2)
Note that if the first card doesn't have a feature (eg no decoder, so no
video16, the second card will still use video17. The simple rule is 'add
the card number to the base device number'. If you have other capture
cards (e.g. WinTV PCI) that are detected first, then you have to tell
the ivtv module about it so that it will start counting at 1 (or 2, or
whatever). Otherwise the device numbers can get confusing. The ivtv
'ivtv_first_minor' module option can be used for that.
- /dev/video0
The encoding capture device(s).
Read-only.
Reading from this device gets you the MPEG1/2 program stream.
Example:
.. code-block:: none
cat /dev/video0 > my.mpg (you need to hit ctrl-c to exit)
- /dev/video16
The decoder output device(s)
Write-only. Only present if the MPEG decoder (i.e. CX23415) exists.
An mpeg2 stream sent to this device will appear on the selected video
display, audio will appear on the line-out/audio out. It is only
available for cards that support video out. Example:
.. code-block:: none
cat my.mpg >/dev/video16
- /dev/video24
The raw audio capture device(s).
Read-only
The raw audio PCM stereo stream from the currently selected
tuner or audio line-in. Reading from this device results in a raw
(signed 16 bit Little Endian, 48000 Hz, stereo pcm) capture.
This device only captures audio. This should be replaced by an ALSA
device in the future.
Note that there is no corresponding raw audio output device, this is
not supported in the decoder firmware.
- /dev/video32
The raw video capture device(s)
Read-only
The raw YUV video output from the current video input. The YUV format
is a 16x16 linear tiled NV12 format (V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12_16L16)
Note that the YUV and PCM streams are not synchronized, so they are of
limited use.
- /dev/video48
The raw video display device(s)
Write-only. Only present if the MPEG decoder (i.e. CX23415) exists.
Writes a YUV stream to the decoder of the card.
- /dev/radio0
The radio tuner device(s)
Cannot be read or written.
Used to enable the radio tuner and tune to a frequency. You cannot
read or write audio streams with this device. Once you use this
device to tune the radio, use /dev/video24 to read the raw pcm stream
or /dev/video0 to get an mpeg2 stream with black video.
- /dev/vbi0
The 'vertical blank interval' (Teletext, CC, WSS etc) capture device(s)
Read-only
Captures the raw (or sliced) video data sent during the Vertical Blank
Interval. This data is used to encode teletext, closed captions, VPS,
widescreen signalling, electronic program guide information, and other
services.
- /dev/vbi8
Processed vbi feedback device(s)
Read-only. Only present if the MPEG decoder (i.e. CX23415) exists.
The sliced VBI data embedded in an MPEG stream is reproduced on this
device. So while playing back a recording on /dev/video16, you can
read the embedded VBI data from /dev/vbi8.
- /dev/vbi16
The vbi 'display' device(s)
Write-only. Only present if the MPEG decoder (i.e. CX23415) exists.
Can be used to send sliced VBI data to the video-out connector.